Paul Rebukes Peter at Antioch
Galatians 2:11–13 (NRSVue) 11 But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face because he stood self-condemned, 12 for until certain people came from James, he used to eat with the gentiles. But after they came, he drew back and kept himself separate for fear of the circumcision faction. 13 And the other Jews joined him in this hypocrisy, so that even Barnabas was led astray by their hypocrisy. Galatians 2:18 (NRSVue) 18 But if I build up again the very things that I once tore down, then I demonstrate that I am a transgressor. What Peter has first pulled down is the wall of partition between Jews and Gentiles. With his yielding to the party of James he is now building this up again and characterising his previous attitude as παράβασις transgression, and himself as παραβάτης transgressor, violator. The contrast between “destroy” (καταλύω, katalyō) and “rebuild” (πάλιν οἰκοδομέω, palin oikodomeō) refers most naturally to the law: if Peter, as a Jewish Christian, should try to